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Microalgae: A Promising Source of Bioactive Polysaccharides for Biotechnological Applications
Chiara Magnabosco1,2, Giovanna Santaniello3, Giovanna Romano3,4
1National Research Council-Water Research Institute, Corso Tonolli 50, 28922 Verbania-Pallanza, Italy.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 14, 2025
Summary
Marine microalgae polysaccharides (PSs) offer potent antiviral, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory benefits for health and cosmetic applications. Sustainable production and further research are key to unlocking their full potential in pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals.
Area of Science:
- Marine biotechnology
- Carbohydrate chemistry
- Natural product pharmacology
Background:
- Polysaccharides (PSs) are abundant natural carbohydrates with vital biological roles.
- Marine microalgae-derived PSs exhibit diverse bioactivities and applications, particularly in human health.
- Their properties depend on composition (glucose, xylose, galactose, etc.), molecular weight, and structure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the biological activities of eukaryotic microalgal PSs.
- To explore their potential use in cosmetic applications.
- To discuss challenges for commercial implementation in health and wellbeing products.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific publications on microalgal polysaccharides.
- Analysis of reported biological activities (antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antitumor).
- Evaluation of physicochemical properties relevant to cosmetic applications (hydration, UV protection).
Main Results:
- Microalgal PSs demonstrate significant antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antitumor properties.
- These compounds show promise as active ingredients in cosmetics for hydration, UV protection, and anti-aging.
- Microalgal cultivation offers a sustainable and high-yield source compared to terrestrial plants.
Conclusions:
- Eukaryotic microalgal PSs possess valuable bioactive properties for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries.
- Optimizing extraction, characterization, and scaling up production are crucial for commercialization.
- Further research is needed to fully implement these compounds for improving human health and wellbeing.
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