Ultrasound-Assisted Ferritin Extraction from Northern Pike Liver: An Innovative Approach for Chlorogenic Acid...

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Materials Science
• Food Science

Background:

• Ferritin, a protein with a unique structure, is a promising biocompatible resource.
• Its cavity can encapsulate bioactive compounds, making it a potential nanocarrier.
• Fish processing byproducts are underutilized resources.

Purpose of the Study:

• Optimize ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for high-yield ferritin extraction from northern pike liver byproducts.
• Evaluate the ferritin's potential as a nanocarrier for chlorogenic acid (CA).
• Demonstrate sustainable valorization of fish processing waste.

Main Methods:

• Response surface methodology (RSM) to determine optimal UAE parameters (200 W, 1:3 ratio, 25 min).
• Electrophoresis, UV-vis, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy for ferritin characterization.
• High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), DLS, ζ potential, TG, and DSC for encapsulation efficiency and stability analysis.

Main Results:

• Optimal UAE conditions yielded 139.46 mg/kg ferritin, a 4.02-fold increase over conventional methods.
• Extracted ferritin maintained structural integrity and purity.
• Achieved 13.25% encapsulation efficiency for CA, enhancing its thermal stability within the ferritin nanocarrier.

Conclusions:

• UAE is an effective method for high-yield ferritin extraction from fish byproducts.
• Ferritin serves as a stable and functional nanocarrier for bioactive compounds like CA.
• This approach promotes sustainable resource utilization and advanced drug delivery systems.