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Updated: May 15, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Frontalis Muscle Suspension for Correcting the Ptotic Brow
Frank W de Jongh1, Elijah E Sanches1, Laurens Kooiman1
1Department of Plastic-, Reconstructive- and Hand- Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Hague, the Netherlands.
Background:
The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate a new surgical browlift technique with functional results and minimal visible scarring.
Methods:
The authors retrospectively reviewed all charts of patients who underwent the alternative browlift procedure between January 2015 and June 2019 ( n = 41). To assess the cosmetic and functional outcome after surgery, the authors contacted all operated patients to fill in a nonvalidated questionnaire.
Results:
The study included 29 of the 41 patients, who were treated during the period January 2015 to June 2019. The questionnaires validated the authors' findings with 72.4% of the patients being satisfied or very satisfied about the final scar formation. Twenty-one (72.4%) of patients experienced long-term symptom improvement with a mean improvement of 7.71 ± 2.09 on a 1 to 10 point scale. Fifteen (51.7%) patients experienced recurrence with a recurrence time of 19.2 (±13.5) months, none of which required redo surgery. Seven (24.1%) patients underwent a blepharoplasty surgery in a second stage.
Conclusion:
The authors conclude that for brow ptosis the authors' novel procedure is a suitable, cheaper alternative to treat brow ptosis with little to no complications compared to more standardized techniques (i.e. direct, open, or endoscopic browlift).
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