Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

247
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
247
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

363
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
363
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

3.3K
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
3.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Predictive pursuit emerges in high-dimensional recurrent neural networks.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Plasma proteomics link menopause timing to brain aging and dementia risk.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Menarche onset is an inflection point for mental health and brain development.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The Maternal Brain in Context: Systemic Physiological Changes Across Pregnancy.

Annual review of neuroscience·2026
Same author

Ecological Visual Processing in the Mouse.

Annual review of neuroscience·2026
Same author

Blood-based proteomic signatures of spontaneous menopause: Implications for later-life brain aging and Alzheimer's disease risk.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same journal

Spatiomolecular mapping reveals anatomical organization of heterogeneous cell types in the human nucleus accumbens.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

TGF-β1-induced endothelial transcytosis drives blood-brain barrier leakage during aging.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Image space opens up for visual neuroscience.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Septal GLP-1 receptors control alcohol taking and seeking.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Microglial fitness in moderation: Tuning TREM2 signaling through Ptpn6.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Human astrocytes keep time with inflammation.

Neuron·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Rapid Golgi Stain for Dendritic Spine Visualization in Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
04:58

Rapid Golgi Stain for Dendritic Spine Visualization in Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

Published on: December 3, 2021

6.1K

The estrous cycle modulates hippocampal spine dynamics, dendritic processing, and spatial coding.

Nora S Wolcott1, William T Redman2, Marie Karpinska3

  • 1Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

Neuron
|May 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The female estrous cycle significantly impacts hippocampal CA1 neuron structure and function. Spine density and place field stability are highest during proestrus, influencing learning and memory.

Keywords:
dendritic integrationestradiolestrous cyclehippocampusmultiphoton imagingneuroendocrineplace cellsspine morphology

More Related Videos

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording
14:27

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording

Published on: August 11, 2019

12.4K
Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice
07:10

Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice

Published on: July 1, 2018

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2025

Rapid Golgi Stain for Dendritic Spine Visualization in Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex
04:58

Rapid Golgi Stain for Dendritic Spine Visualization in Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

Published on: December 3, 2021

6.1K
Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording
14:27

Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording

Published on: August 11, 2019

12.4K
Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice
07:10

Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice

Published on: July 1, 2018

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • The estrous cycle is known to influence the mammalian hippocampus.
  • The precise mechanisms by which the estrous cycle affects CA1 neuron dynamics and spatial coding in vivo are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vivo effects of the estrous cycle on CA1 pyramidal neuron dendritic spine dynamics.
  • To examine how these changes influence hippocampal spatial coding and neuronal function across the estrous cycle.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a custom hippocampal microperiscope for in vivo imaging in female mice.
  • Employed two-photon calcium imaging to track CA1 pyramidal neurons across multiple estrous cycles.
  • Monitored dendritic spine density, somatodendritic coupling, and back-propagating action potential infiltration.
  • Assessed CA1 neuronal response properties during navigation tasks to evaluate place field stability.

Main Results:

  • Dendritic spine density in CA1 neurons peaked during proestrus, coinciding with high estradiol levels.
  • Morphological changes were associated with increased somatodendritic coupling and enhanced back-propagating action potential infiltration.
  • Place field stability at both single-cell and population levels was significantly greater during proestrus.

Conclusions:

  • The estrous cycle induces substantial structural and functional plasticity in hippocampal CA1 neurons.
  • These cycle-dependent changes are critical for maintaining stable spatial representations essential for learning and memory.