Arrhythmias in Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Internal Medicine
• Clinical Case Study

Background:

• Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a rare, non-inherited disorder characterized by diffuse gastrointestinal polyposis, protein-losing enteropathy, and peripheral edema.
• Patients often present with chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances.
• Cardiac complications, such as arrhythmias, can occur secondary to electrolyte disturbances.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a case of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) with associated cardiac complications.
• To highlight the diagnostic approach and successful management of CCS and its sequelae.
• To emphasize the importance of recognizing and treating electrolyte abnormalities in patients with CCS.

Main Methods:

• A 69-year-old male patient with chronic diarrhea underwent comprehensive upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy.
• Histopathological examination of polyps confirmed the diagnosis of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS).
• Management included addressing hypoalbuminemia, hypokalemia, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (Paf) with electrical cardioversion and steroid therapy.

Main Results:

• Endoscopic examination revealed multiple polyposis throughout the gastrointestinal tract.
• The patient experienced hypoalbuminemia, hypokalemia, and developed paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (Paf).
• Steroid therapy led to improvement in diarrhea, resolution of polyps on endoscopy, and normalization of electrocardiogram findings.

Conclusions:

• Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) can present with significant systemic manifestations, including cardiac arrhythmias.
• Prompt diagnosis and management of electrolyte imbalances are crucial in patients with CCS.
• Steroid therapy is an effective treatment for the gastrointestinal and systemic symptoms of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS).