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Oral Frailty Assessment Tool: Instrument Development and Cross-Sectional Validation Study
Chengfengyi Yang1,2, Xiaoke Li1, Ran An2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|May 15, 2025
Summary
A new Oral Frailty Assessment Tool was developed for older adults. This scale demonstrates good validity and reliability, aiding early intervention for oral frailty.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Oral Health
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Oral frailty is a prevalent condition in older adults, linked to adverse health outcomes.
- Existing assessment tools may lack comprehensiveness, necessitating a practical scale.
- A need exists for a feasible tool to assess oral frailty effectively.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel oral frailty assessment tool.
- To rigorously evaluate the psychometric properties of the new scale.
Main Methods:
- Scale development based on the Gilbert Multidimensional Conceptual Model of Oral Health.
- Psychometric evaluation including validity (content, construct, concurrent, convergent, discriminant) and reliability (internal consistency, test-retest).
- Data collected from 372 Chinese older adults using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and ROC analysis.
Main Results:
- A 16-item, five-dimension Oral Frailty Assessment Tool was developed.
- The scale exhibited excellent content validity (0.974) and good concurrent validity (0.649).
- High internal consistency (0.865) and retest reliability (0.940) were confirmed.
Conclusions:
- The Oral Frailty Assessment Tool possesses acceptable validity and reliability for early intervention.
- The scale can guide the development and implementation of early intervention strategies for oral frailty.
- Further validation across diverse cultures and samples is recommended for scale refinement.
