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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2025

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

Effort and salience jointly drive saccade selection.

Damian Koevoet¹, Christoph Strauch², Marnix Naber²

¹Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. d.koevoet@uu.nl.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

|May 15, 2025

Summary

Saccade costs, the effort of eye movements, influence where people look, even when visual salience is present. Effort is a fundamental factor in saccade selection, robustly guiding gaze.

Keywords:

Attention Cost Effort Saccade selection Salience

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Last Updated: May 17, 2025

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

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Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Published on: June 23, 2023

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Vision Science
Decision Making

Background:

Saccade selection is typically attributed to goals, history, and stimulus salience.
Emerging evidence suggests saccade costs (effort) also influence eye movement choices.
The interplay between saccade costs and salience in guiding gaze remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how saccade costs and stimulus salience jointly influence saccade selection.
To determine if saccade costs affect gaze choices when salient targets are present.

Main Methods:

Participants freely chose between two saccade targets with varying salience.
Experimental design allowed disentanglement of saccade cost and salience effects.
Analysis focused on predicting saccade selection based on target salience and saccade cost.

Main Results:

Salience significantly predicted saccade selection, with participants favoring salient targets.
Saccade costs influenced selection even with equally salient targets.
When salience differed, the effect of saccade costs was reduced but persisted, indicating joint influence.

Conclusions:

Saccade costs and salience are joint drivers of saccade selection.
The influence of effort on eye movement decisions is robust, even when competing with salience.
Effort should be recognized as a fundamental factor in determining gaze direction.