Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine Based on Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks Modified Interface

Pyrene-based hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are excellent materials for electrochemical analysis due to their efficient electron transfer, large surface area, and high stability. In this study, we successfully synthesized HOFs (PFC-1) from certain organic building blocks through hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. PFC-1 is advantageous for electrochemical sensing due to its ease of synthesis and the ability to adhere to electrodes. The porous structure facilitates electrolyte penetration and analyte diffusion. Besides, the negative charge under physiological conditions also assists the enrichment of the positively charged target dopamine. Therefore, the detection sensitivity and selectivity can be enhanced. After PFC-1 is modified on the surface of a gold electrode, a facile electrochemical biosensor is fabricated for the analysis of dopamine within a wide linear range. In addition, dopamine released from living cells can be monitored by the proposed method, making it a precise tool for potential applications.