Cancer patient-family caregiver mutuality: A concept analysis

Mutuality between cancer patients and family caregivers affects treatment outcomes. Despite increasing recognition of the interdependent relationship between patients and family caregivers, a clear definition of mutuality in dyads is still lacking. This lack of definition challenges developing measurement tools, advancing research, and effectively applying the concept in practice. This concept analysis aims to examine the concept of mutuality between patients and family caregivers' dyads in cancer care.

Walker and Avant's approach was used to define attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of mutuality in cancer patient-family caregivers. Literature was searched from PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Embase.

While the definition of mutuality varies, it is characterized by interconnection, reciprocity, shared understanding, and adaptability. It originates from antecedents such as cancer diagnosis, existing bonds, effective communication, and supportive environments, leading to improved psychological health, enhanced relationship quality, and better coping strategies.

This study revealed the unique characteristics of mutuality related to cancer trajectory. This underscores the development of standardized tools and the need for cancer-type-specific research to enhance patient and caregiver well-being. Incorporating mutuality's core aspects into clinical practice can offer healthcare providers in-depth insights into cancer care, fostering improved interventions, communication, and collaborative approaches. Additionally, it advocates the need for integration of mutuality into healthcare strategies. It is needed to advance research and education, promoting improved quality of care for patient-family caregiver dyads globally.