Biomass-based carbon material for next-generation sodium-ion batteries: insights and SWOT evaluation

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Sustainable Energy

Background:

• Energy storage is shifting from lithium-ion to sodium-ion batteries due to sodium's abundance and cost-effectiveness.
• Biomass-derived carbon materials are promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries, offering economic and environmental benefits.
• These materials exhibit unique microstructures that contribute to high specific capacitance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review hard carbon and emerging sustainable anode materials from biomass for sodium-ion batteries.
• To analyze production methods, microstructural features, defects, and heteroatom doping effects.
• To provide a SWOT analysis and bibliographic overview of research collaborations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and analysis of biomass-derived carbon anode materials.
• Exploration of production techniques and characterization of microstructures.
• Bibliographic analysis using network visualization for research collaboration mapping.

Main Results:

• Biomass-derived carbons, especially hard carbon, show potential as anode materials due to their unique properties.
• Understanding the sodium storage mechanism in hard carbon remains challenging due to its complex structure.
• Recent developments and research collaborations highlight the growing interest in these materials.

Conclusions:

• Biomass-derived hard carbon and other carbon materials are viable anode options for next-generation sodium-ion batteries.
• Further research is needed to elucidate sodium storage mechanisms and optimize material properties.
• A cohesive framework is proposed for advancing these sustainable materials.