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Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

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Towards Interoperable ECGs: Converting Proprietary XML to DICOM.

Lennart Graf¹, Maximilian Oremek^2,3, Ruwen Sadocco⁴

¹Dpt. of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany.

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics

|May 17, 2025

Summary

This study developed an open-source converter to transform proprietary Electrocardiogram (ECG) data into the DICOM standard, improving cardiovascular data interoperability. The tool ensures standardized data representation for better disease detection and research.

Keywords:

DICOM Data standards ECG Electrocardiogram Interoperability

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Medical Informatics
Health Data Standards

Background:

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are crucial for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases.
Limited interoperability of ECG data hinders healthcare data exchange.
The ACRIBiS project aims to create a FAIR ECG data infrastructure in Germany.

Purpose of the Study:

To present an open-source converter for transforming proprietary ECG XML files into the DICOM format.
To ensure standardized data representation for ECGs.
To enhance the interoperability of cardiovascular data.

Main Methods:

Developed a general-purpose converter for ECG data.
Processed ECG raw data, metadata, and waveform annotations.
Utilized value codes from medical terminologies like SCP-ECG.
Evaluated the converter on 36,933 clinical ECGs from GE Healthcare Muse®.

Main Results:

The converter demonstrated high performance in transforming ECG data.
The output data complied with Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standards.
Successfully processed metadata and annotations alongside raw ECG data.

Conclusions:

The developed converter effectively addresses ECG data interoperability challenges.
The tool facilitates standardized ECG data representation, crucial for research and clinical practice.
Future work includes expanding vendor compatibility and workflow integration.