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Related Experiment Videos

Pattern of genetic influence on pulmonary function.

Y Kawakami, A Shida, H Yamamoto

    Chest
    |April 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Genetic factors significantly influence adolescent lung function, particularly small airway dynamics (V50, V25) and lung volumes (FRC, FVC). These genetic influences on small airways persist into adulthood.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Genetics
    • Twin Studies

    Background:

    • Understanding the genetic and environmental contributions to lung function is crucial for identifying disease predispositions.
    • Twin studies are a powerful tool for dissecting heritability of physiological traits.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the influence of genetic factors on small airway function and lung volumes in adolescents and adults.
    • To determine if genetic contributions to pulmonary function differ between adolescence and adulthood.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of intrapair variances for pulmonary function measures (FVC, FEV1/FVC, V50, V25, FRC, delta N2) between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) adolescent twin pairs.
    • Comparison of intrapair variances for V50 and V25 between adolescent MZ twins and adult MZ twins.

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    Main Results:

    • Adolescent DZ twins showed significantly larger within-pair variances than adolescent MZ twins for height, FVC, FEV1/FVC, V50, V25, V50/FVC, FRC, and delta N2, indicating strong genetic influence.
    • V50 and V25 (small airway function measures) showed similar genetic influence in both adolescent and adult MZ twins.
    • Genetic control over lung volumes (FRC, FVC) was observed only in adolescence.

    Conclusions:

    • Small airway dynamics (V50, V25) are substantially influenced by genetic factors throughout adolescence and adulthood.
    • Lung volumes (FRC, FVC) are primarily under genetic control during adolescence, with this influence diminishing in adulthood.