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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization

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Stimulus-responsive nanomaterials for ocular antimicrobial therapy.

Tao Zhang^1,2,3, Zichao Luo^1,2,3

¹Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China. luozc@fudan.edu.cn.

|May 20, 2025

Summary

Stimulus-responsive nanomaterials offer advanced treatments for infectious keratitis (eye infections). This review covers nanotherapeutics, their applications in ocular antimicrobial therapy, and future clinical potential.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Nanomedicine
Biomaterials

Background:

Infectious keratitis is a significant cause of vision loss.
Ocular barriers present challenges for drug delivery.
Nanomaterials offer unique properties for ophthalmic drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

To review stimulus-responsive nanotherapeutics for ocular antimicrobial therapy.
To summarize current nanotherapeutic strategies for infectious keratitis.
To evaluate biosafety and clinical translation challenges.

Main Methods:

Literature review of nanotherapeutic strategies for ocular infections.
Analysis of stimulus-responsive nanodrugs, sonodynamic therapy, and wearable devices.
Evaluation of nanomaterial design, progress, advantages, limitations, and biosafety.

Main Results:

Stimulus-responsive nanomaterials enhance drug delivery for ocular infections.
Strategies include endogenous stimulus-responsive nanodrugs, sonodynamic therapy, and wearable devices.
Biosafety, including cytotoxicity and immune interactions, is a critical consideration.

Conclusions:

Nanomaterials show significant promise for treating infectious keratitis.
Further research is needed for clinical translation and practical medical applications.
Addressing biosafety and overcoming delivery challenges are key for future development.