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Assessing ChatGPT's Capability as a New Age Standardized Patient: Qualitative Study.

Joseph Cross¹, Tarron Kayalackakom², Raymond E Robinson³

¹Medical University of the Americas, PO Box 701, Charlestown, Saint Kitts and Nevis, 1 9788629500 ext 364.

JMIR Medical Education

|May 20, 2025

Summary

Medical students found ChatGPT a valuable supplement to standardized patients, enhancing practice flexibility and diagnostic skills. While effective for learning, it cannot fully replace human standardized patients due to limitations in realism and empathy.

Keywords:

AI ChatGPT LLM assessment diagnostic effectiveness flexibility medical education medical school qualitative standardized patient standardized patients virtual patient

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Area of Science:

Medical Education Technology
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Simulation-Based Learning

Background:

Standardized patients (SPs) are vital in medical training but resource-intensive and limited in access.
Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models like ChatGPT, offers potential for virtual SPs to overcome these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess medical students' perceptions and experiences using ChatGPT as a virtual SP.
To evaluate ChatGPT's effectiveness as a virtual SP in a medical school setting.

Main Methods:

Qualitative study involving 9 medical students interacting with ChatGPT as an SP.
Pre- and post-interaction surveys and thematic analysis of student responses.
Observation of live role-play interactions with a predetermined prompt.

Main Results:

Pre-interaction concerns included prompt engineering, learning efficacy, verisimilitude, and AI accuracy.
Post-interaction, students noted improved prompt engineering but persistent verisimilitude challenges (lack of empathy, nonverbal cues).
Students perceived ChatGPT as a valuable supplement, enhancing flexibility and diagnostic skills, with maintained learning efficacy.

Conclusions:

ChatGPT can augment traditional SPs in medical education, providing accessible and flexible practice.
Limitations in verisimilitude and prompt engineering prevent ChatGPT from fully replacing human SPs.
Integrating prompt engineering into curricula and advancing AI are recommended for enhanced virtual SP utilization.