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Brain structural differences between fibromyalgia patients and healthy control subjects: a source-based morphometric

Elijah Agoalikum1,2, Hongzhou Wu3,4, Benjamin Klugah-Brown5

  • 1Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. agoalikumelijah@gmail.com.

Scientific Reports
|May 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fibromyalgia patients show distinct brain structure differences compared to healthy individuals. Grey matter changes in specific brain regions correlate with pain perception and emotional distress in fibromyalgia.

Keywords:
Chronic painComponentsFMMRIPain catastrophizingSBM

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain disorder primarily affecting women, linked to central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction.
  • Understanding structural brain alterations in FM is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate structural brain differences between FM patients and healthy controls (HC) using source-based morphometry (SBM).
  • To explore the association between grey matter volume changes and clinical pain metrics in FM.

Main Methods:

  • Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data from 20 FM patients and 20 HC subjects were analyzed using SBM.
  • Multivariate statistical approaches were employed to identify significant differences in grey matter volume (GMV).

Main Results:

  • FM patients exhibited greater GMV in the bilateral thalamus compared to HC.
  • Reduced GMV was observed in FM patients in the bilateral putamen, pallidum, right cerebellum, right calcarine, right amygdala, and bilateral insula.
  • Grey matter deficits in the pallidum were significantly correlated with pain catastrophizing, magnification, rumination, and helplessness.

Conclusions:

  • Structural brain changes, particularly in the thalamus, putamen, pallidum, and insula, are implicated in the neurobiology of FM.
  • These findings suggest a link between brain structure, pain processing, and emotional regulation in FM.
  • The results support the development of targeted therapies addressing both neurobiological and psychological aspects of FM for improved patient outcomes.