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Multi-Shot Diffusion Imaging Using Motion Compensation Diffusion Encoding Waveforms and EPI With Keyhole.

Kévin Moulin1,2, Tyler Cork3,4, Thomas Troalen5

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Motion-compensated diffusion encoding waveforms and the MS-EPIK trajectory reduce artifacts in multi-shot EPI (MS-EPI) imaging. The M0M1M2 waveform effectively minimizes phase variation across brain, liver, and heart scans.

Keywords:
EPIEPIKdiffusionmulti‐shotsingle‐shot

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Diffusion Weighted Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background:

  • Multi-shot Echo Planar Imaging (MS-EPI) is prone to motion-induced phase variations and aliasing artifacts.
  • These artifacts can compromise the accuracy of diffusion metrics like Mean Diffusivity (MD) and Fraction of Anisotropy (FA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate motion-compensated diffusion encoding waveforms and the MS-EPI with Keyhole (MS-EPIK) trajectory for artifact reduction in MS-EPI.
  • To compare the performance of different motion compensation orders (M0, M0M1, M0M1M2) and trajectories against single-shot EPI (SS-EPI).

Main Methods:

  • Acquisition of in vivo 3T data in brain, liver, and heart using SS-EPI, MS-EPI, and MS-EPIK.
  • Application of non-motion compensated (M0), first-order (M0M1), and first & second order (M0M1M2) motion-compensated diffusion encoding waveforms.
  • Analysis of MD and FA in brain/heart, and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) in the liver.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in MD/FA were found in brain white and gray matter between SS-EPI, MS-EPIK, and MS-EPI using the M0M1M2 waveform.
  • Statistical differences in liver ADC were observed between SS-EPI and MS-EPIK across all waveforms, and with MS-EPI using M0M1M2.
  • MS-EPIK showed reduced aliasing compared to MS-EPI but remained susceptible to distortion.

Conclusions:

  • The M0M1M2 motion-compensated waveform is optimal for mitigating shot-to-shot phase variation in MS-EPI across various organs.
  • MS-EPIK trajectory offers improved aliasing reduction over standard MS-EPI.
  • Advanced motion compensation and trajectory design are crucial for enhancing DWI accuracy in MS-EPI sequences.