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Understanding the Mechanism of Cardiotoxicity Induced by Nanomaterials: A Comprehensive Review
Zaiyong Zheng1,2, Shuang Zhu3,4, Xiaobo Wang2
1Department of Cardiology Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology Ministry of Education, Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Diseases Ministry of Education, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Southwest Medical University Luzhou 646000 China.
Abstract:
Nanomaterials have been vastly used in daily life. However, owing to their unique properties, nanomaterials also show potential side effects. Among the various organs affected by nanomaterials, the circulatory system stands out as particularly vulnerable, drawing additional attention to its cardiac toxicity. To address the cardiovascular nanotoxicity and further promote the safe use of nanotechnology, a comprehensive review of the cardiotoxicity induced by nanomaterials is provided. The review begins by identifying the current research trends and hotspots in this field via a bibliometric analysis. Subsequently, based on the objectively obtained research hotspots, the mechanism of cardiovascular nanotoxicity, including exposure route, membrane injury, ion disturbance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, is reviewed and discussed. Finally, current strategies for the mitigation of nanotoxicity are also proposed. The objective of this review is to assist readers in understanding the mechanism of cardiotoxicity induced by nanomaterials and to facilitate their safe application for human health.
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