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Chronic Probing of Deep Brain Neuronal Activity Using Nanofibrous Smart Conducting Hydrogel-Based Brain-Machine

Seyed Shahrooz Zargarian1, Chiara Rinoldi1, Yasamin Ziai1

  • 1Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter Institute of Fundamental Technological Research Polish Academy of Sciences 02-106 Warsaw Poland.

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|May 21, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel hydrogel-coated neural probe for brain-machine interfaces (BMIs). The smart coating enhances signal recording quality and biocompatibility, overcoming limitations of current neural probes for long-term brain activity detection.

Keywords:
brain–machine interfacesconducting nanofibrous hydrogelselectrophysiologiesneural activity recordingssemi‐interpenetrating polymer networks

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Mechanical mismatch between brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) and brain tissue causes inflammation and degrades performance.
  • Existing neural probes face challenges in long-term stability and signal quality due to tissue response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a nanostructured, stimuli-responsive, conductive hydrogel coating for neural probes.
  • To improve the mechanical compatibility, signal transmission, and long-term performance of BMIs.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel using poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based copolymer and poly(3-(6-methoxyhexyl)thiophene) via electrospinning.
  • Integration of the nanofibrous hydrogel coating onto a neural probe.
  • In vivo electrophysiological recordings and biocompatibility assessments in a mouse model.

Main Results:

  • The nanofibrous hydrogel coating exhibits rapid swelling response and shape recovery.
  • The coating enhances conductivity at physiological temperatures, improving signal transmission and probe stability.
  • High-quality neuronal signals and action potentials were recorded in deep brain regions with minimal inflammatory response during chronic implantation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed conducting fibrous hydrogel bio-interface effectively overcomes limitations of current neural probes.
  • This technology shows significant potential for long-term, high-quality neuronal activity detection in deep brain applications, including BMIs.