Correlation Between Glycemic Variability in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Neurological Deterioration

Background: Glycemic variability and its management hold significant prognostic implications in clinical practice for patient outcomes. The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between glycemic variability and the deterioration of neurological function in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), to provide evidence-based support for the treatment and care of clinical ICH patients. Methods: Patients with ICH admitted to our hospital between January 2022 and August 2024 were subjected to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scoring upon admission and discharge. A comparative analysis of baseline characteristics and glycemic variability parameters was conducted. Results: A total of 156 patients with ICH were included. The incidence of neurological deterioration in ICH patients was 30.8%. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between age (r = 0.602), mean glucose levels (r = 0.623), Time in Range (TIR) (r = 0.589), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE) (r = 0.608), and Large Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (LAGE) (r = 0.634) with the occurrence of neurological deterioration. Logistic regression analysis identified age (OR = 2.512, 95%CI: 1.924-3.006), mean glucose (OR = 2.743, 95%CI: 2.101-3.286), TIR (OR = 3.204, 95%CI: 2.985-3.607), MAGE (OR = 3.029, 95%CI: 2.601-3.748), and LAGE (OR = 2.768, 95%CI: 2.245-3.103) as significant predictors of neurological deterioration in ICH patients. Conclusion: This finding underscores the critical importance of considering both chronological age and glycemic control metrics in the prognostic evaluation of ICH patients. Integrating these factors into clinical assessments may enhance the accuracy of predicting patient outcomes and guide tailored therapeutic strategies.