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Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
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Q-single: Linking functional impairment to problematic internet use through a single-question approach.

Vilma Jakiene1, Orsolya Király2, Zsolt Demetrovics3,2,4

  • 11Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania.

Journal of Behavioral Addictions
|May 21, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A single yes/no question about functional impairment effectively screens for the absence of problematic internet use (PIU) in students. This simple screening tool shows high negative predictive value for PIU.

Keywords:
Q-singleanxietyassessmentbehavioral addictionsdepressioninternet addictionproblematic internet usepsychological correlatesquestionnaire

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Digital Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Assessing problematic internet use (PIU) can be challenging.
  • Short questionnaires offer a convenient alternative for evaluating internet-related problems.
  • A single question may suffice for initial screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a single yes/no question (Q-Single) for screening problematic internet use (PIU).
  • To determine if Q-Single can identify the absence of PIU based on functional impairment.
  • To assess the predictive validity of Q-Single for PIU, depression, and anxiety.

Main Methods:

  • Two online studies with students (N=524, N=272) were conducted.
  • Participants completed PIU questionnaires (PIUQ-9, CIUS), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) scales, and answered the Q-Single.
  • Multiple linear regression analyses examined Q-Single's predictive effects on PIU and mental health symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Q-Single showed high negative predictive value for absence of PIU, but low to moderate positive predictive value.
  • Q-Single significantly predicted PIU (PIUQ-9, CIUS) and was moderately associated with depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7) symptoms.
  • These associations remained significant after controlling for age, gender, and internet use time.

Conclusions:

  • A single question assessing functional impairment is a valid screening tool for problematic internet use (PIU).
  • Functional impairment is a key indicator for identifying PIU in students.
  • This approach simplifies the initial assessment of potential internet-related problems.