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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Brain structural and functional impairment network localization in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Ya Tian1, Wenqing Shi1, Qiuying Tao1

  • 1From the Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Tian, Shi, Tao, Yang, Wen, Wei, Chen, Zhang, Cheng, Han); the Zhengzhou Key Laboratory (Tian, Shi, Tao, Yang, Wen, Wei, Zhang, Cheng, Han); the Henan Engineering Technology Research Center (Tian, Shi, Tao, Yang, Wen, Wei, Zhang, Cheng, Han); the Henan Engineering Research Center (Tian, Shi, Tao, Yang, Wen, Wei, Zhang, Cheng, Han); the Henan Key Laboratory (Tian, Shi, Tao, Yang, Wen, Wei, Zhang, Cheng, Han); the Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Guo); the Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China (Chen).

Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience : JPN
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) involves widespread brain network alterations, not just specific regions. This study mapped these changes to structural and functional networks, offering new insights into OCD

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Neuroimaging studies on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) show inconsistent findings.
  • Evidence suggests psychiatric disorders involve brain networks rather than discrete regions.
  • Identifying brain network localization in OCD is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify brain network localization in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • To map structural and functional alterations in OCD to specific brain networks.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewed 62 neuroimaging studies (2578 OCD patients, 2502 controls).
  • Utilized functional connectivity network mapping (FCNM) with large-scale human brain connectome data.
  • Mapped brain alterations to two primary impairment networks in OCD.

Main Results:

  • OCD impairment networks involve default mode, sensorimotor, and limbic networks.
  • Bilateral middle frontal and middle temporal gyri are implicated.
  • Grey matter volume impairment specifically involves the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated FCNM with connectome data to map OCD brain networks.
  • Findings enhance understanding of OCD neuropathology from a network perspective.
  • Results may guide future neuromodulation treatments for OCD.