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Paws to Patients: Canine Pyoderma Gangrenosum as a Reflective Model of Human Pyoderma Gangrenosum.

Kateryna Karpoff¹, Lori Sun², Christine L Cain³

¹Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.

International Journal of Dermatology

|May 22, 2025

Summary

Canine pyoderma gangrenosum (cPG) closely resembles human pyoderma gangrenosum (hPG) in symptoms, comorbidities, and treatment response. This study suggests dogs offer a valuable, naturally occurring animal model for hPG research.

Keywords:

animal model canine immune response pyoderma gangrenosum

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Dermatology
Translational Medicine
Animal Models of Human Disease

Background:

Human pyoderma gangrenosum (hPG) is a rare, painful neutrophilic dermatosis with limited animal models.
Existing research relies on a single pharmacologically induced murine model.
Canine pyoderma gangrenosum (cPG) cases are scarce, but dogs' genetic proximity to humans suggests potential as an hPG model.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize published canine pyoderma gangrenosum (cPG) cases.
To compare cPG presentation with human pyoderma gangrenosum (hPG).
To evaluate the potential of cPG as a spontaneously occurring animal model for hPG.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search of Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase for "canine AND pyoderma gangrenosum" in August 2024.
Review of seven case reports, two case series, and two veterinarian-sourced cases.
Analysis of 31 cPG cases for clinical presentation, comorbidities, and treatment response.

Main Results:

Canine pyoderma gangrenosum (cPG) cases (31 analyzed) commonly presented with skin ulcers on the trunk (64.5%), paws (41.9%), and limbs (32.3%).
Comorbidities in dogs included gastrointestinal pathologies (16.1%), arthritis (6.5%), and hematologic disorders (6.5%), mirroring hPG.
Canine pyoderma gangrenosum (cPG) responded well to hPG treatments like prednisone/prednisolone (80.6%) and cyclosporine (77.4%).

Conclusions:

Canine pyoderma gangrenosum (cPG) exhibits significant similarities to human pyoderma gangrenosum (hPG) in affected sites, comorbidities, and therapeutic outcomes.
Canine pyoderma gangrenosum (cPG) represents a promising, naturally occurring animal model for studying hPG, offering an alternative to current murine models.
Further research is warranted to replicate cPG cases and elucidate the underlying disease pathophysiology.