Recognizing Clues Associated With Angioedema of the Small Intestine: A Case Report

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are commonly prescribed for managing cardiovascular conditions, but they can cause adverse reactions, such as dry persistent cough, hyperkalemia, and the serious side effect of angioedema affecting the face, mouth, and tongue. In some cases, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may also cause angioedema of the small intestine. A case report highlights the diagnostic journey of a 39-year-old female who presented with several months of afebrile, nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms, including severe abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and diarrhea. Despite multiple visits to the emergency department and extensive testing, including abdominal computed tomography scans, the underlying cause of her symptoms was not immediately identified. The case report underscores the challenges health care providers face in diagnosing visceral angioedema and the crucial role of emergency nurses in recognizing key warning signs such as nonspecific abdominal complaints in patients on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. Early identification of this condition can prevent unnecessary procedures, prevent prolonged symptoms, and improve patient outcomes. This case emphasizes the need for increased awareness about angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced angioedema of the small intestine. Health care providers should consider it in the differential diagnosis, particularly in patients prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors presenting with abdominal symptoms.