Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

4.2K
Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
4.2K
Chunking01:12

Chunking

76
Chunking is a powerful cognitive technique that improves short-term memory retention by organizing information into smaller, more manageable units. The brain, limited by working memory capacity, can more easily process and store information when it is divided into "chunks" rather than presented as discrete, unrelated elements. Chunking is especially useful when dealing with large amounts of information, such as numerical sequences, words, or complex ideas.
The principle behind chunking...
76
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

188
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
188
MOS Capacitor01:25

MOS Capacitor

741
A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
741
Ampere-Maxwell's Law: Problem-Solving01:17

Ampere-Maxwell's Law: Problem-Solving

574
A parallel-plate capacitor with capacitance C, whose plates have area A and separation distance d, is connected to a resistor R and a battery of voltage V. The current starts to flow at t = 0. What is the displacement current between the capacitor plates at time t? From the properties of the capacitor, what is the corresponding real current?
To solve the problem, we can use the equations from the analysis of an RC circuit and Maxwell's version of Ampère's law.
For the first part of...
574
Flashbulb Memory01:16

Flashbulb Memory

70
A flashbulb memory is a highly vivid and detailed memory, often linked to events of significant emotional impact. These memories stand out in contrast to everyday memories due to their clarity and the precision with which they are recalled. The strong emotions associated with the event act as a catalyst, ensuring that specific details, such as one's location, actions, and even peripheral elements, are etched into memory with remarkable accuracy. For example, many people can vividly recall...
70

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Supernetwork-based efficient mapping of deep learning applications to mixed-precision hardware using model adaptation.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Analogue speech recognition based on physical computing.

Nature·2025
Same author

Training of physical neural networks.

Nature·2025
Same author

The growing memristor industry.

Nature·2025
Same author

The inherent adversarial robustness of analog in-memory computing.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Emerging Materials and Computing Paradigms for Temporal Signal Analysis.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025
Same journal

Advanced Single-Atom Catalysts for Thermal-Catalytic C1 Chemistry.

Chemical reviews·2026
Same journal

Copper-Dependent Polysaccharide Monooxygenases: Mechanism and Function.

Chemical reviews·2026
Same journal

To Biotic or Abiotic: Biohybrid Systems for Artificial Photosynthesis.

Chemical reviews·2026
Same journal

Interfaces in All-Solid-State Li Metal Batteries: From Fundamental Research to Practical Applications.

Chemical reviews·2026
Same journal

Theoretical Terahertz Spectroscopy of Aqueous Solutions: From Electronic Structure to Molecular Understanding.

Chemical reviews·2026
Same journal

Electrochemical Electron Transfer: Key Concepts, Theories, and Parameterization via Atomistic Simulations.

Chemical reviews·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

12.8K

Phase-Change Memory for In-Memory Computing.

Ghazi Sarwat Syed1, Manuel Le Gallo1, Abu Sebastian1

  • 1IBM Research-Europe, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland.

Chemical Reviews
|May 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In-memory computing (IMC) performs calculations within memory, overcoming processor-memory bottlenecks. Phase-change memory (PCM) is a key technology for developing these novel IMC chips.

More Related Videos

A Method for Growing Bio-memristors from Slime Mold
07:46

A Method for Growing Bio-memristors from Slime Mold

Published on: November 2, 2017

8.9K
Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes
08:07

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes

Published on: March 9, 2019

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

12.8K
A Method for Growing Bio-memristors from Slime Mold
07:46

A Method for Growing Bio-memristors from Slime Mold

Published on: November 2, 2017

8.9K
Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes
08:07

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes

Published on: March 9, 2019

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Computer Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • The processor-memory divide limits computational efficiency in conventional architectures.
  • In-memory computing (IMC) offers a paradigm shift by performing computations directly within memory arrays.
  • Phase-change memory (PCM) is a promising technology for realizing IMC due to its unique physical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of phase-change materials and PCM device physics for IMC.
  • To examine the design and fabrication of PCM-based IMC chips.
  • To offer insights into the application landscape and future directions of PCM-based IMC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current phase-change materials and their properties.
  • Analysis of PCM device physics relevant to computational functions.
  • Survey of existing PCM-based IMC chip designs and fabrication techniques.
  • Exploration of potential applications and future research avenues.

Main Results:

  • PCM devices exhibit suitable characteristics for in-memory computation.
  • Various PCM-based IMC architectures have been designed and fabricated.
  • Significant progress has been made in material selection and device optimization for IMC.

Conclusions:

  • PCM technology is a viable and rapidly advancing platform for in-memory computing.
  • Further research in materials, device engineering, and system integration is crucial for widespread adoption.
  • IMC based on PCM holds potential to revolutionize computing by enhancing energy efficiency and performance.