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Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Burden of Alopecia Areata in Contemporary Pediatric Practice

Advika A Dani1, Joan C Lo2,3, Jeanne A Darbinian2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, California, USA.

Pediatric Dermatology
|May 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Alopecia areata prevalence is higher in Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Black children compared to non-Hispanic White children. This study highlights a significant burden of alopecia areata in minority pediatric populations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric dermatology
  • Epidemiology
  • Health disparities

Background:

  • Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune skin condition with varying prevalence across different populations.
  • Understanding racial and ethnic disparities in AA prevalence is crucial for targeted healthcare interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of alopecia areata (AA) among children aged 5-17 years across different racial and ethnic groups.
  • To identify potential disparities in AA prevalence within the pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, cross-sectional study design.
  • Analysis of routine pediatric care data from 2017-2019 in a large Northern California healthcare system.
  • Inclusion of 598,067 children, with age-sex adjusted prevalence calculations and prevalence ratios.

Main Results:

  • Alopecia areata prevalence was significantly higher in Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Black children compared to non-Hispanic White children.
  • Within Asian/Pacific Islander subgroups, South Asian, Filipino, and Vietnamese children showed the highest prevalence.
  • Prevalence ratios indicated a 2- to 3-fold higher risk for several minority groups compared to non-Hispanic White children.

Conclusions:

  • This study reveals a substantial burden of alopecia areata among Black, Hispanic, and various Asian/Pacific Islander subgroups in the US pediatric population.
  • Findings underscore the need for further research into the underlying causes of these disparities and for culturally sensitive management strategies.

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