Anaphase promoting complex subunit 10 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in oral squamous cell...

To explore the role of anaphase promoting complex subunit 10 (ANAPC10) in both the diagnosis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

ANAPC10 expressions in OSCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were analysed using TCGA and GEO databases. Its clinical prognostic significance was evaluated using the GEPIA tool. Signalling pathways associated with ANAPC10 were identified through GO, KEGG, and GSEA. Promoter methylation levels of ANAPC10 were assessed using the UALCAN tool. The correlation between ANAPC10 expression and tumour-infiltrating immune cells was analysed using the TIMER database. ANAPC10's role in OSCC cells was validated via CCK-8 assays, wound healing assays, cell migration assays, apoptosis assays, and cell cycle analysis.

ANAPC10 expression was significantly elevated in OSCC tissues. Increased ANAPC10 expression was associated with advanced T stages, pathological stages, histologic grades, and poorer therapeutic outcomes. Notably, high ANAPC10 expression was strongly correlated with reduced overall survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free interval in OSCC patients. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that ANAPC10 is involved in RNA splicing, immune regulation, and cell cycle progression. Experimental validation further demonstrated that ANAPC10 levels are influenced by promoter methylation status, and ANAPC10 regulates oral cancer cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression.

ANAPC10 is a critical gene in OSCC prognosis, with roles in cell cycle regulation and RNA splicing. It may serve as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.