Acute Left Anterior Descending Occlusion Myocardial Infarction Incidentally Found on Surveillance Computed Tomography
James F Howick V1, Jack Korleski2, Michael D Brandt2
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Insights
Incidental findings on computed tomography (CT) scans can reveal serious heart conditions like myocardial infarction. Early detection through CT imaging, even in asymptomatic patients, is vital for timely intervention and improved outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Radiology
- Oncology
Background:
- Computed tomography (CT) technology advancements improve cardiac structure visualization.
- Incidental cardiac findings on noncardiac CT scans can indicate significant pathology.
Observation:
- A patient with cancer showed decreased left ventricular myocardial density on chest CT.
- The finding suggested myocardial ischemia or infarction despite the patient being asymptomatic.
Findings:
- Elevated troponin levels and acute left anterior descending artery occlusion were identified.
- Percutaneous coronary intervention successfully treated the cardiac event.
Implications:
- Recognizing incidental myocardial hypoperfusion on CT is crucial for early diagnosis.
- Detecting acute myocardial infarction in asymptomatic individuals presents diagnostic and management challenges.
Abstract:
Advances in computed tomography (CT) scanner technology and faster image acquisition have enabled improved visualization of cardiac structures, even on routine noncardiac chest CT scans. Recognition of incidental cardiac findings is crucial as they may signal underlying pathology. A 60-year-old woman with metastatic gastroesophageal junction cancer underwent outpatient surveillance CT which revealed decreased density of the left ventricular myocardium at the mid and apical anterior walls and septum, concerning for myocardial ischemia or infarction. Although asymptomatic and without cardiac history, she had markedly elevated troponin levels and was found to have an acute occlusion in the mid-left anterior descending artery, successfully treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. This case highlights the value of recognizing incidental myocardial hypoperfusion on noncardiovascular CT imaging. The literature describes hypoattenuation as a marker of acute myocardial infarction, but its detection in asymptomatic patients raises diagnostic and management challenges.
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