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Neutrophil Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jane Sophie Lauxen1, Sonja Vondenhoff1, Carolina Victoria Cruz Junho1

  • 1Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.

Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)
|May 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Neutrophil function is altered in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, particularly those on hemodialysis. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and degranulation in neutrophils may contribute to cardiovascular risk in CKD.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks.
  • Neutrophils are implicated in atherosclerosis and CVD pathogenesis.
  • This study investigates neutrophil function in CKD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze neutrophil function in CKD patients.
  • To compare neutrophil function between CKD patients and healthy controls.
  • To explore the relationship between altered neutrophil function and cardiovascular risk in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies on neutrophil function in CKD patients versus controls, adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searches conducted on PubMed and Web of Science databases.
  • Meta-analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in CKD patients on dialysis, with risk of bias assessment.

Main Results:

  • Included 92 studies, with 18 in the meta-analysis; high heterogeneity noted.
  • CKD patients on hemodialysis showed reduced phagocytosis, increased degranulation, and higher basal ROS production.
  • Non-dialysis CKD patients and those on peritoneal dialysis had largely unaltered phagocytosis and basal ROS.

Conclusions:

  • Hemodialysis-associated CKD patients exhibit increased neutrophil degranulation and basal ROS formation.
  • These neutrophil alterations may contribute to the heightened cardiovascular risk in CKD.
  • Further research should examine neutrophil activity across CKD stages and comorbidities concerning cardiovascular outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
chronic kidney diseaseneutrophilsreactive oxygen species

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