BGMP: a comprehensive database of human blood group gene mutations and phenotypes

The BGMP Database (http://bloodgmp.org) serves as a centralized genomic resource for the comprehensive characterization of human blood group systems. Developed to address critical gaps in existing repositories, this platform advances precision in transfusion medicine and compatibility research by integrating classical blood group data with understudied antigen systems, including human neutrophil antigen (HNA), platelet antigens (including human platelet antigens (HPA) and CD36 variants), and immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes. BGMP consolidates curated data encompassing 47 erythrocyte blood group systems (54 related genes) with phenotype-frequency correlations, 5 human neutrophil antigen (HNA) systems with 25 characterized epitopes, 41 HPA across 7 glycoprotein targets, CD36 deficiency variants (99 mutation profiles), and 3 immunoglobulin allotype systems with 70 serum protein polymorphisms. The database provides tools for allele variant mapping and data visualization. A dedicated submission portal enables researchers to contribute novel allele sequences or population frequency data, which undergo dual validation through automated pipeline checks and manual curation prior to integration. The current release (Version 1.0, 2025) aggregates 2785 annotated variants across all blood group systems, providing a comprehensive resource that supports clinical transfusion practices and advances blood compatibility research.