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Trends in 4D Printed Shape Memory Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications.

Deepak Kumar1, Rishabha Malviya1, Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, U.P., India.

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|May 26, 2025
PubMed
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Smart shape memory polymers (SMPs) in 4D printing create dynamic tissue scaffolds. These responsive biomaterials enhance tissue regeneration by mimicking natural tissue behavior, though clinical use faces challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • 4D Printing

Background:

  • Shape memory polymers (SMPs) and stimuli-sensitive materials are key to advanced 4D printing.
  • These materials enable the creation of dynamic and flexible tissue structures.
  • Their responsiveness to stimuli like pH, light, and temperature is crucial for tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of smart SMPs in 4D printing for tissue engineering.
  • To emphasize the response of these materials to diverse physical and chemical stimuli.
  • To explore the influence of smart SMPs on biological applications.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • Data was compiled from electronic databases (Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct).
Keywords:
4D printingclinical application.fabrication techniquesregenerative medicineshape memory biomaterialssmart materialstissue engineering

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  • Studies from the last 10 years were preferably included.
  • Main Results:

    • Smart SMPs integrated with 4D printing offer significant potential for tissue engineering.
    • Responsive biomaterials allow for the design of dynamic scaffolds that mimic native tissue.
    • Enhanced tissue regeneration can be achieved by utilizing material responsiveness to physiological signals.

    Conclusions:

    • 4D-printed shape memory biomaterials can advance tissue engineering through adaptable scaffolds.
    • Challenges include material limitations and scaling up production for clinical implementation.
    • Further research is needed to overcome obstacles for successful clinical translation.