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Weight Loss Is Protective in Preclinical Breast Cancer Models: Interactions with the Anticancer Immune Response
Rachel R Sassoon1,2, Rachel J Perry1,2
1Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Cancer Prevention Research (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|May 27, 2025
Summary
Intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) reduced triple-negative breast cancer growth and enhanced antitumor immunity in mice. These findings suggest diet can reverse obesity-induced immune dysfunction, offering hope for improved cancer outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Advanced aging and obesity are linked to higher risk and worse outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
- Obesogenic diets can induce immune dysfunction, potentially exacerbating cancer progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) on tumor growth and antitumor immunity in a mouse model of TNBC.
- To determine if ICR can reverse immune dysfunction associated with obesogenic diets.
Main Methods:
- Young and old mice were fed control/low-fat, high-fat, or ICR diets.
- Mice were subsequently injected with E0771 breast cancer cells.
- Tumor growth rates and antitumor immunity were assessed.
Main Results:
- ICR mice showed significantly lower rates of tumor growth compared to other diet groups.
- Tumor size in ICR mice was comparable to young, lean controls.
- ICR was associated with the highest levels of antitumor immunity.
Conclusions:
- Intermittent calorie restriction demonstrates preclinical efficacy in reducing triple-negative breast cancer growth.
- ICR may reverse obesogenic diet-induced immune dysfunction, enhancing the body's ability to fight cancer.
- Dietary interventions like ICR hold promise for improving outcomes in TNBC.
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