Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

317
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
317
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development01:30

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development

87
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
87
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity01:23

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

146
Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
146
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

171
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
171
Cognitive Development During Adolescence01:18

Cognitive Development During Adolescence

145
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
145
Adler's Individual Psychology01:28

Adler's Individual Psychology

1.3K
Alfred Adler, a prominent figure in psychology, founded the school of individual psychology. In contrast to Freud's emphasis on sexual or aggressive motives, Adler suggested that individuals are primarily motivated by their purposes and goals. He believed that people strive for perfection rather than pleasure. Adler argued that individuals could creatively act upon their genetic inheritance and environmental experiences to shape their own lives, emphasizing conscious motivation over...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multiple disorders across individual development: The role of heterotypic continuity-Commentary on Caspi et al. (2026).

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science·2026
Same author

What Can Adults With ADHD Tell Us About Their Experiences? A Review of Qualitative Methods to Map a New Research Agenda.

Journal of attention disorders·2025
Same author

Social Skill Profiles in ADHD and Comorbid Disorders.

Journal of attention disorders·2025
Same author

Food selectivity and eating difficulties in adults with autism and/or ADHD.

Autism : the international journal of research and practice·2025
Same author

Developmental psychopathology turns 50: Applying core principles to longitudinal investigation of ADHD in girls and efforts to reduce stigma and discrimination.

Development and psychopathology·2024
Same author

Reduced temporal and spatial stability of neural activity patterns predict cognitive control deficits in children with ADHD.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.9K

Peer Preference and Executive Functioning Development: Longitudinal Relations Among Females With and Without ADHD.

Patricia A Porter1, Yuchen Zhao2, Stephen P Hinshaw3,4

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1650, USA. porterp@berkeley.edu.

Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
|May 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Childhood peer rejection is linked to poorer executive functioning (EF) development, especially in response inhibition, in girls with and without ADHD. Peer preference significantly impacts EF growth over 16 years.

Keywords:
ADHDExecutive functioningInhibitionPeers

More Related Videos

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

15.9K
Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
13:09

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

10.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 20, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.9K
Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

15.9K
Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
13:09

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

10.4K

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Peer problems are common in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • The influence of peer relationships on the development of executive functioning (EF) is not well understood.
  • Executive functioning skills include response inhibition, working memory, and global EF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between childhood peer preference and the development of EF skills from childhood to early adulthood.
  • To examine if peer preference predicts changes in EF over time.
  • To explore these associations in a diverse sample of girls with ADHD and neurotypical girls.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study following 140 girls with ADHD and 88 neurotypical girls from childhood (ages 6-12) to early adulthood (16 years).
  • Peer preference assessed using sociometric interviews; EF skills measured via neuropsychological tests at multiple time points.
  • Multilevel modeling used to analyze the predictive relation between peer preference and EF development, controlling for ADHD status, IQ, and SES.

Main Results:

  • Lower childhood peer preference was associated with poorer global EF development across the lifespan.
  • Childhood peer preference predicted significantly less improvement in response inhibition from childhood to adulthood.
  • Peer rejection, rather than peer acceptance, was the primary driver of these findings. ADHD status also related to lower EF but not EF growth.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood peer preference, particularly peer rejection, plays a significant role in the developmental trajectory of executive functioning, especially response inhibition.
  • These findings underscore the importance of social relationships in neurodevelopment and suggest potential targets for intervention.
  • Understanding the impact of peer interactions on EF development is crucial for supporting children with and without ADHD.