Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Hesitancy and Barriers in Achieving 100% Vaccine Coverage: A Web-based Cross-sectional...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Vaccinology
• Public Health

Background:

• The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is a critical tool for preventing HPV-related cancers and infections.
• Despite its availability for nearly two decades, HPV vaccination rates remain suboptimal globally and particularly in India.
• Understanding the drivers of vaccine hesitancy (VH) is crucial for improving HPV vaccine uptake.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the primary reasons for vaccine hesitancy (VH) concerning the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine within the Indian population.
• To identify knowledge gaps and misconceptions surrounding HPV vaccination among Indian residents.

Main Methods:

• A web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing snowball sampling.
• A pre-validated 15-item questionnaire was distributed via social media platforms to assess causes of VH.
• Data from 1018 participants were analyzed.

Main Results:

• The majority of participants (64.1%) were aged 15-20 years; 60.5% were female.
• A significant proportion (80.9%) were unvaccinated, with unawareness cited as the main reason (38.2%).
• Limited awareness existed regarding the vaccine's target population (only 15.4% knew it was for both sexes) and its protective benefits against various cancers (15.9%).

Conclusions:

• Vaccine hesitancy, largely driven by a lack of awareness, significantly impedes HPV vaccine utilization in India.
• Targeted educational interventions are necessary to address knowledge deficits and promote HPV vaccination.
• Overcoming VH is essential for reducing the burden of HPV-related diseases nationwide.