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Trichuris muris Infection: A Model of Type 2 Immunity and Inflammation in the Gut

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Published on: May 24, 2011

Repeat Ascaris challenge reduces worm intensity through gastric cellular reprograming.

Yifan Wu¹, Charlie Suarez-Reyes¹, Nina L Tang¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Division of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.

Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases

|May 30, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Repeated exposure to roundworm (Ascaris) infection causes gastric cellular changes that reduce worm burden. These changes may explain why infection intensity decreases with age in humans.

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Area of Science:

Parasitology
Immunology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Ascariasis is a widespread parasitic nematode infection, with intensity peaking in children and declining in adults.
The gastric mucosa is crucial for Ascaris larval hatching, utilizing acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) and gastric acid.
Previous studies showed Tamoxifen-induced mucosal injury impairs larval hatching and translocation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of repeated Ascaris exposures on the gastric mucosa and infection intensity.
To understand the mechanisms behind age-dependent changes in Ascariasis infection intensity.

Main Methods:

Establishment of a repeated Ascaris suum challenge mouse model.
Assessment of cellular changes in the gastric mucosa.
Quantification of worm intensity in the liver.

Main Results:

Repeated Ascaris challenge induced cellular alterations in the gastric mucosa.
These gastric changes led to a reduction in liver worm intensity.
The reduction in infection intensity was independent of the adaptive immune response.

Conclusions:

Gastric cellular changes resulting from repeated Ascaris exposure can decrease infection intensity.
These findings suggest a potential mechanism for the observed age-dependent decline in Ascariasis intensity.