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Robotic Liver Surgery Through the Glissonean Approach (with Video)
Benedetto Ielpo1, Fernando Burdio2, Patricia Sanchez-Velazquez2
1Hepato‑Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain. Ielpo.b@gmail.com.
Background:
The Glissonean approach allows for anatomical and extrahepatic control of segmental inflow, enhancing the safety and precision of liver resections. Robotic surgery, with its enhanced dexterity and visualization, facilitates this dissection, especially in the identification and control of Glissonean gates. Knowledge of these gates and their anatomical landmarks should be part of every liver surgeon's essential armamentarium.
Patients And Methods:
This multimedia article illustrates a stepwise robotic technique for anatomical liver resections using the Glissonean gate system. Detailed intraoperative videos demonstrate the identification, dissection, and management of Glissonean pedicles of both the left and right liver.
Results:
The article includes tips and tricks to optimize gate dissection, pedicle control, and parenchymal transection, supported by the use of indocyanine green fluorescence, preoperative three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, and intraoperative ultrasound. The Glissonean approach, when integrated with robotic technology, offers a reproducible and safe strategy for anatomical liver resection.
Conclusions:
This multimedia resource aims to provide practical, step-by-step guidance for surgeons adopting robotic hepatectomy in their clinical practice.
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