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Mapping Interoperability Within the National Disaster Medical System Pilot Program
Emily R Post1,2, Alison M Ng1,2, Kaitlin Rainwater-Lovett1,2
1The National Center for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States.
Military Medicine
|May 31, 2025
Summary
Military and civilian healthcare organizations need better interoperability for mass casualty care. Social network analysis of the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) Pilot Program revealed distinct regional networks and challenges in military-civilian partnerships.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Healthcare Systems
- Emergency Management
Background:
- Large-scale combat operations may result in significant casualties requiring prolonged care.
- Effective communication, coordination, and collaboration among military and civilian healthcare organizations are crucial for managing mass casualties.
- The National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) Pilot Program aims to enhance these partnerships and improve military-civilian interoperability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe and assess partner relationships within emergency response organizations using social network analysis.
- To evaluate the level of interoperability between military and civilian healthcare entities.
- To understand the network structures and identify areas for improvement in disaster medical response.
Main Methods:
- Survey data from 97 representatives across 5 NDMS pilot sites were collected during tabletop exercises.
- Social network analysis was employed to map relationships among 131 organizations.
- A 4-point ordinal scale assessed partnership interoperability, averaged to create site-level scores.
Main Results:
- Five NDMS pilot sites exhibited distinct network topologies, with 2 moderately and 3 highly interoperable response networks.
- Local healthcare coalitions were the most frequently identified partners.
- Military-civilian partnerships were 70% less likely to be highly interoperable than same-sector partnerships.
Conclusions:
- Network analysis revealed both commonalities and unique characteristics in emergency response networks across NDMS pilot sites.
- Public health and medicine are inherently local and community-driven.
- Continued efforts are needed to enhance military-civilian interoperability and integrate with existing regional emergency response networks during NDMS activations.
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