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College Student-Athlete Suicide: A Systematic Review.
Summary
College student-athletes face unique suicide risks from academic pressure, team culture, and injury. Prevention requires tailored training, mental health screening, and better access to care for this vulnerable group.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
Background:
- Rising suicide rates among young adults, with college student-athletes as a key concern.
- Need for specific identification of risk factors impacting this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review individual and environmental suicide risk factors for U.S. college student-athletes.
- To inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review using PRISMA framework.
- Searched multiple databases (SUNY, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Semantic Scholar, PubMed) with no date restrictions.
- Included 112 articles on U.S. student-athletes and suicide (ideation, actions, attempts).
Main Results:
- Key risk factors identified: academic/athletic pressure, toxic team culture, service access barriers, athlete identity issues, and injuries.
- These factors converge to increase suicide risk in college athletes.
Conclusions:
- Prevention and intervention must address unique athlete stressors.
- Recommendations include mandated suicide training for athletic staff, routine mental health screenings, improved service access, and multidisciplinary care.
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