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Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Rapid Repetition Rate Fluctuation Measurement of Soliton Crystals in a Microresonator

Rapid Repetition Rate Fluctuation Measurement of Soliton Crystals in a Microresonator

Published on: December 15, 2021

Temporal solitons in hybrid-driven active resonators.

D Kazakov¹, F Capasso¹, M Piccardo^1,2,3

¹Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States of America.

Reports on Progress in Physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)

|June 3, 2025

Summary

Active optical resonators enable sustained temporal solitons, offering versatile control for applications. Quantum cascade lasers show promise in semiconductor and hybrid photonic systems.

Keywords:

frequency comb optical resonators soliton

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Semiconductor Lasers
Integrated Photonics

Background:

Solitons are self-reinforcing wave packets crucial in physics, particularly in optics.
Temporal solitons in optics balance nonlinearity and dispersion for stable light pulses.
Active optical resonators provide gain to sustain solitons, offering advantages over passive systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the advantages of active optical resonators for temporal soliton generation.
To highlight quantum cascade lasers as a key technology in active soliton systems.
To review diverse architectures and future directions for soliton-based semiconductor and hybrid photonic sources.

Main Methods:

Investigating hybrid driving schemes, including coupled cavities and external optical injection.
Examining various resonator architectures, such as Fabry-Perot and racetrack devices.
Focusing on quantum cascade lasers within the active resonator framework.

Main Results:

Active resonators offer enhanced control and versatility for soliton dynamics.
Quantum cascade lasers demonstrate potential as advanced soliton sources.
Diverse architectures enable tailored soliton generation for specific applications.

Conclusions:

Active optical resonators represent a powerful platform for generating and controlling temporal solitons.
Quantum cascade lasers and hybrid integration are key to advancing soliton-based photonic technologies.
Future research directions focus on optimizing soliton properties and expanding applications in telecommunications and metrology.