Enhanced Acetaminophen Detection in Dolo-650 Tablets Using Electrocatalyst SnWO₄-DNA Composite and Its Antibacterial...

Important aspects of this research include the development of a very sensitive electrochemical sensor for acetaminophen (AMP) in D-650 tablets using SnWO₄-DNA as the sensing material. The surface area and porosity of the material were investigated using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) instrument. Furthermore, a TEM study was performed to observe the presence of DNA in SnWO₄, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was executed to record the chemical composition. The sensor is based on the chemical interaction between Sn²⁺ and WO₄^2- ions, which enhances the catalytic activity and the active sites for AMP interaction created by the DNA's nitrogen bases, promoting efficient electron transfer with high sensitivity. The developed sensor performs over AMP detection in D-650 with a much wider linear detection range (200 nM-1 mM), a much lower limit of detection (55 nM), and excellent reversibility. Furthermore, the sensor provides fast detection, suitable for real-time monitoring. In addition, the antibacterial properties of the SnWO₄-DNA composite are demonstrated by the effective inhibition growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, making this a multifunctional tool in both AMP and antibacterial applications. Being able to provide simultaneous chemical detection and antibacterial responses allows this material to have dual capability in medical diagnostics. The high sensitivity and multifunctionality of the proposed sensor make it an innovative and promising approach that would have wide application in the medical industry for AMP monitoring, pathogen control, and potentially in personalized medicine for determining the appropriate treatment regimen for patients.