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Perceptions of Institutional Engagement and Inclusion by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Stefanie N Hinkle1,2, Chelsea C Okeh1,3, Ernesto Ulloa-Pérez1
1Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
JAMA Network Open
|June 4, 2025
Summary
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+) individuals in academic medicine report lower institutional engagement and workplace inclusivity. These findings highlight the need for targeted initiatives to improve belonging and retention for sexual and gender minority professionals.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Workplace Diversity
- Health Equity
Background:
- Research on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+) experiences in academic medicine is limited.
- Understanding workplace inclusivity is crucial for fostering a supportive environment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine perceptions of institutional engagement and workplace inclusivity among LGBT+ individuals in academic medicine.
- To identify disparities in experiences based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
Main Methods:
- A survey study conducted in 2015, 2018, 2021, and 2023 at a Pennsylvania academic medical center.
- The Diversity Engagement Survey (DES) included specific questions on LGBT+ visibility and engagement.
- Respondents self-identified sexual orientation (heterosexual, lesbian, gay, or bisexual [LGB], or other) and gender identity (men, transgender, queer, or nonbinary [TQNB], women, or other/unknown).
Main Results:
- Compared to heterosexual respondents, LGB individuals reported lower institutional engagement and inclusivity.
- Transgender, queer, or nonbinary (TQNB) respondents reported significantly lower engagement and inclusivity compared to men.
- Both LGB and TQNB individuals were more likely to consider job changes due to workplace issues.
Conclusions:
- Findings indicate a need for targeted, subgroup-specific initiatives to enhance productivity, belonging, and retention for sexual and gender minority individuals in academic medicine.
- Improving workplace culture and inclusivity is essential for addressing the unique needs of LGBT+ professionals.
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