Exploring Current Perspectives on a Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Genetic Counseling

Since the profession's inception, the entry-level and terminal degree for genetic counselors (GCs) has remained a master's degree. Interest in a PhD in Genetic Counseling has been explored previously; however, no studies on this topic have been published since 2015. Given the continued growth in the number of genetic counselors and the expansion of their roles, this study investigated current perceptions of GCs regarding the creation of a PhD in Genetic Counseling. A 56-question, investigator-developed survey collected demographic information, assessed participants' personal interest in a PhD in Genetic Counseling, and included Likert scale questions exploring perceptions of how such a degree might affect the profession, as well as factors influencing participants' decisions to pursue it. A final open-ended question allowed participants to elaborate on their responses. Participants (n = 514) had an average of 9.5 years of experience post-master's degree. Most (69.1%) supported the development of a PhD for GCs with several years of experience, while a smaller proportion (57.3%) supported it for recent graduates. Overall, 39.6% had considered earning a PhD, and 37.4% indicated interest in pursuing a PhD in Genetic Counseling. Factors most influencing their decision included time commitment and potential salary increase. Perceived benefits included enhancement of research skills (85.9%) and increased access to faculty positions (83.1%). About half (48.6%) indicated that a PhD in Genetic Counseling could reduce opportunities for GCs with a master's degree. Open-ended comments indicated confusion regarding the distinction between a PhD and other advanced degrees, such as a clinical doctorate. Overall, while many participants supported the development of a PhD in Genetic Counseling, this support remained mixed and tempered by concerns about its impact on master's-trained counselors. These findings suggest that further exploration of the role and implications of a PhD in Genetic Counseling is warranted.