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FIGO statement: Cosmetic genital surgery.

Lourdes Capito1, Aris Antsaklis2, Sanjay Gupte3

  • 1Philippine General Hospital, Manila, NCR, Philippines.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|June 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cosmetic genital surgery lacks evidence of safety and efficacy. Healthcare professionals should counsel women that these procedures are not medically indicated and carry potential risks.

Keywords:
cosmetic genital surgerygenital anatomygenito urinary syndrome of menopauselaser‐based devicessurgical alterationvulvovaginal anatomy

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Medical Ethics
  • Aesthetic Surgery

Background:

  • Growing demand for cosmetic genital surgery driven by media and idealized aesthetic standards.
  • Lack of robust scientific evidence supporting the safety and effectiveness of these procedures.
  • Ethical concerns regarding the recommendation and performance of non-medically indicated surgeries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the ethical implications and scientific basis of cosmetic genital surgery.
  • To inform healthcare professionals about the risks and lack of medical necessity.
  • To address the specific concerns surrounding laser treatments for genitourinary syndrome of menopause and cosmetic purposes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cosmetic genital surgery.
  • Analysis of ethical guidelines from professional organizations like FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics).
  • Assessment of research data on the safety and efficacy of cosmetic genital procedures, including laser devices.

Main Results:

  • Insufficient published research to substantiate claims of safety and effectiveness for cosmetic genital surgery.
  • FIGO advises against recommending, performing, or referring for these procedures due to ethical concerns.
  • Limited data exists on the safety and effectiveness of laser devices for cosmetic or menopausal genitourinary treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Cosmetic genital surgery is not medically indicated and carries potential risks.
  • Healthcare providers must counsel patients on the lack of medical necessity and associated risks.
  • Further research is needed, but current evidence does not support the widespread use of these procedures, especially laser treatments.