Progress of biomass gasification and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to aviation kerosene

With the implementation of the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), the route of biomass gasification followed by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) to aviation kerosene has received widespread attention, which decreases human dependence on fossil fuels and meets the increasingly stringent carbon emission requirements. Although many reviews exist on biomass to aviation kerosene, few comprehensively integrate recent advancements in biomass gasification and FTS reaction mechanisms, which are the basis of product distribution regulation for jet fuel. This review fills this gap by providing a detailed analysis of the reaction mechanisms, catalysts, and production processes from biomass gasification to FTS process. Furthermore, we highlight research needs and future directions of biomass-derived aviation kerosene. This review underscores biomass gasification followed by the FTS process as a promising and sustainable pathway to aviation kerosene, and highlights key challenges and opportunities in industrialization.