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Breaking Barriers: Female Officials' Motivations and Experiences in Male-Dominated Officiating Environments
Alice A Theriault1, David J Hancock1
1Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology
|June 5, 2025
Summary
Female sport officials face unique challenges and rewards in male-dominated sports. Understanding these experiences is key to improving recruitment and retention for women in sports officiating.
Area of Science:
- Sports Management
- Sociology of Sport
- Gender Studies
Background:
- Most sports have more male than female officials.
- Limited research indicates negative experiences for female officials.
- Understanding these experiences is crucial for recruitment and retention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the positive and negative experiences of female officials.
- Focus on sports with predominantly male officiating.
- Identify factors influencing their continuation in officiating.
Main Methods:
- Conducted semistructured interviews with nine female sport officials.
- Employed thematic analysis to identify key themes.
- Aligned findings with Self-Determination Theory principles.
Main Results:
- Identified key themes: the female experience, facilitators, and barriers.
- Detailed the specific challenges and positive aspects encountered by female officials.
- Highlighted the influence of social and environmental factors on their officiating journey.
Conclusions:
- Findings offer insights into the complexities of female officiating in male-dominated sports.
- Recommendations provided for policy changes to enhance recruitment and retention.
- Emphasizes the need for supportive environments to sustain female participation in sports officiating.
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