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Understanding RSV Vaccine Hesitancy: Exploring Decision-Making Pathways.

Narae Kim1,2, Jinhee Seo3, Doyle Yoon3

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Belief in vaccine misinformation and cognitive biases significantly increase hesitancy towards Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) vaccines, particularly among pregnant women. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving vaccine uptake.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) poses significant health risks, especially to older adults and infants.
  • Vaccine hesitancy remains a barrier to achieving high immunization rates for preventable diseases.
  • Decision-making processes, including rational thought and cognitive heuristics, influence vaccine acceptance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors contributing to RSV vaccine hesitancy in adults aged 60+ and pregnant women.
  • To examine the roles of belief in vaccine pseudo-information and individual ethical orientations (IEO) in vaccine decision-making.
  • To assess the influence of omission bias and its interaction with other factors on RSV vaccination reluctance.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two online surveys targeting adults aged 60 and older, and pregnant women.
  • Analyzed data separately for each group to identify associations between pseudo-information, IEO, omission bias, and RSV vaccine hesitancy.
  • Examined interactions between belief in pseudo-information and IEO, and between pseudo-information and omission bias.

Main Results:

  • Belief in vaccine pseudo-information was a significant positive predictor of RSV vaccine hesitancy in both surveyed groups.
  • Omission bias was significantly associated with hesitancy among pregnant women, especially concerning severe outcomes.
  • Interactions between pseudo-information and IEO, and pseudo-information and omission bias, were linked to hesitancy in pregnant women.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing misinformation and understanding cognitive biases are critical for promoting RSV vaccine acceptance.
  • Tailored communication strategies may be needed for different demographic groups, considering their unique decision-making pathways.
  • Further research is warranted to explore group differences and refine interventions to combat RSV vaccine hesitancy.