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Where Can Artificial Intelligence Assist Cancer Care?: Examining Patient-Centered Communication Dimension Effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Communication
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Patient-centered communication (PCC) is crucial in cancer care, impacting patient satisfaction and care continuity.
  • The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine necessitates understanding patient preferences for AI versus human providers.
  • The stimulus-organism-response model provides a framework for analyzing these complex interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how patient-centered communication (PCC) dimensions predict patient preferences for artificial intelligence (AI) compared to human medical professionals.
  • To explore the direct and indirect effects of PCC on patient preferences for AI in cancer care.
  • To understand the role of communication outcomes like patient satisfaction and care continuity in shaping these preferences.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 495 Chinese cancer patients recruited from an online panel.
  • Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the relationships between six PCC dimensions, communication outcomes, and patient preferences for AI vs. human providers.
  • Data were collected in June 2024, with participants representative of the Chinese population's gender and age distribution.

Main Results:

  • Lower patient satisfaction and less enablement in self-management directly predicted a preference for AI over human professionals.
  • Higher perceived care continuity and providers attending to emotions predicted a preference for human professionals.
  • Patient satisfaction, ease of use, and care continuity mediated the link between PCC dimensions and AI preferences.

Conclusions:

  • Patient-centered communication and its outcomes are significantly associated with cancer patients' preferences regarding the use of AI in their care.
  • Findings suggest that enhancing PCC can empower clinicians to guide patients in utilizing AI technology effectively throughout the cancer care continuum.
  • This research highlights the importance of communication strategies in the evolving landscape of AI-integrated healthcare.