Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

5.6K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
5.6K
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

33.4K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.4K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

875
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
875
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.6K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.6K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.0K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.0K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

22.5K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Escorting mRNAs - the multifunctional and divergent roles of cap-chaperones in post-transcriptional gene expression.

Journal of cell science·2026
Same author

eIF4E and Ezrin cooperate in pseudopods to drive a localized migratory translation program in acute myeloid leukemia.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A Chemical-Genetic Interaction Matrix Reveals Drug Mechanism and Genetic Architecture.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

No exit: targeting RNA export in T-cell malignancy.

Blood·2025
Same author

eIF4E orchestrates mRNA processing, RNA export and translation to modify specific protein production.

Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)·2024
Same author

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E unexpectedly acts in splicing thereby coupling mRNA processing with translation: eIF4E induces widescale splicing reprogramming providing system-wide connectivity between splicing, nuclear mRNA export and translation.

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
06:48

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

Published on: June 16, 2022

1.9K

Multipurpose RNA maturation factors dysregulate multiple mRNA processing steps simultaneously and provide new

Sunirmal Paira1,2, Katherine L B Borden1,2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.

RNA Biology
|June 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

mRNA processing factors are hijacked in cancer, particularly Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML), altering protein function and levels. Dysregulation of these factors in splicing, export, and translation supports cancer progression.

Keywords:
SF3B1TranslationeIF4Eexportmulti-taskingsplicing

More Related Videos

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes
09:44

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes

Published on: March 3, 2015

9.5K
Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA
08:29

Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA

Published on: February 1, 2019

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2025

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
06:48

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

Published on: June 16, 2022

1.9K
High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes
09:44

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes

Published on: March 3, 2015

9.5K
Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA
08:29

Generation of Cationic Nanoliposomes for the Efficient Delivery of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA

Published on: February 1, 2019

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) requires maturation, including capping, splicing, and 3' end formation, for nuclear export and translation.
  • Cancer can exploit these mRNA processing steps to alter protein isoforms and levels without genetic mutations.
  • Emerging evidence suggests some factors participate in multiple mRNA processing events, with dysregulation contributing to cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of multi-functional mRNA processing factors in cancer, with a specific focus on Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML).
  • To examine how the dysregulation of both canonical and non-canonical functions of these factors contributes to cancer development.
  • To discuss the implications of the mRNA processing-export-translation axis in proteome diversification that supports malignancy.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on mRNA processing factors and their roles in cancer.
  • Focus on specific examples: eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF4E), splice factor 3 complex B subunit 1 (SF3B1), and U2 small nuclear auxiliary factor (U2AF1).
  • Analysis of the physical interactions and functional interplay between these factors in splicing, export, and translation.

Main Results:

  • Certain mRNA processing factors, such as eIF4E, SF3B1, and U2AF1, interact and collectively regulate splicing, export, and translation.
  • Malignant dysregulation of this integrated mRNA processing-export-translation axis leads to proteome diversification, supporting cancer phenotypes.
  • These factors' dysregulated functions, both canonical and non-canonical, are implicated in the pathogenesis of AML.

Conclusions:

  • The mRNA processing-export-translation axis is a critical target in cancer biology.
  • Dysregulation of key factors like eIF4E, SF3B1, and U2AF1 contributes significantly to cancer, especially AML.
  • Understanding these mechanisms opens avenues for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting mRNA processing in malignancy.