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Updated: Jun 12, 2025

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
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Forty-four Years of the UK Prospective Diabetes Study: Legacy Effect and Beyond

Saptarshi Bhattacharya1, Sanjay Kalra2, Lakshmi Nagendra3

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India.

Touchreviews in Endocrinology
|June 9, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Early intensive blood sugar control in diabetes significantly reduces long-term complications. This

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Diabetes Mellitus Research

Background:

  • The UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) investigated the long-term impact of intensive versus standard glycemic control.
  • Published results from the third phase highlight sustained benefits of early interventions.

Discussion:

  • A significant 'legacy effect' demonstrates persistent protection against micro- and macrovascular complications decades after the trial.
  • This effect endures even after differences in glycated hemoglobin levels between treatment arms have diminished.

Key Insights:

  • Early and aggressive diabetes management is critical for preventing long-term vascular complications.
  • Conventional diabetes medications like metformin and sulfonylureas show long-term safety and efficacy.
  • Understanding the 'legacy effect' mechanisms may reveal new therapeutic targets for diabetes complications.

Outlook:

  • Further research into the 'legacy effect' mechanisms is warranted.
  • This study reinforces the importance of timely diabetes diagnosis and intervention.
  • Findings support the continued use of established glycemic control strategies.

Keywords:
Intensive glycaemic controllegacy effectmacrovascular complicationmetabolic memorymetformintype 2 diabetes

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