Developmental regression associated with PTSD in children: a poorly defined and understudied phenomenon

Area of Science:

• Child psychology
• Neurodevelopmental disorders
• Trauma studies

Background:

• Developmental regression (DR) is observed in neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorder.
• DR also occurs in children with psychological trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
• Symptoms include loss of recently acquired skills (e.g., toilet training, language).

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the phenomenon of developmental regression in children with PTSD.
• To examine the diagnostic classification and theoretical underpinnings of DR in PTSD.
• To highlight the research gap in defining, classifying, and managing DR in PTSD.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of developmental regression in neurodevelopmental disorders and PTSD.
• Analysis of diagnostic classifications regarding DR nosology.
• Theoretical exploration of grouping DR with dissociative symptoms in PTSD.

Main Results:

• Developmental regression is a recognized symptom in children with PTSD.
• International diagnostic classifications lack consistency regarding DR.
• Theoretical links suggest grouping DR with dissociative symptoms in PTSD.

Conclusions:

• There is a significant research gap concerning the definition, classification, and management of DR in PTSD.
• Further studies are required to address these inconsistencies and improve clinical understanding.
• Understanding DR in PTSD is crucial for effective diagnosis and intervention in affected children.