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Discovery of novel butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors for treating Alzheimer's disease.

Zhipei Sang1,2, Shuheng Huang2, Wanying Tan3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
|June 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed compound 8e, a selective butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitor, showing promise for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. This novel compound demonstrated neuroprotective effects and improved cognitive function in animal models.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseMechanism of actionPharmacodynamic studiesPharmacokinetic studiesSelective BuChE inhibitor

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in aging populations.
  • Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is a recognized therapeutic target for AD treatment.
  • Developing selective BuChE inhibitors is crucial for effective AD therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel, selective, and reversible BuChE inhibitor for potential Alzheimer's disease treatment.
  • To evaluate the neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing effects of the developed compound.
  • To elucidate the potential mechanism of action, including modulation of signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive virtual screening and lead optimization were employed to identify the lead compound.
  • In vitro assays were used to determine BuChE inhibitory activity and selectivity.
  • In vivo studies utilized zebrafish and mouse models (including APP/PS1 transgenic mice) to assess therapeutic efficacy and cognitive function.
  • Proteomics analysis was performed to investigate the compound's molecular targets and pathways.

Main Results:

  • Compound 8e was identified as a potent and selective reversible BuChE inhibitor.
  • 8e demonstrated favorable blood-brain barrier permeability and drug-likeness properties.
  • Significant neuroprotective effects and cognitive improvements were observed in various AD and cognitive impairment models.
  • Proteomics revealed that 8e elevates very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) expression, suggesting modulation of the Reelin pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Compound 8e is a novel and potent BuChE inhibitor with significant therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease.
  • The compound's efficacy in preclinical models warrants further investigation into its mechanisms and clinical applications.
  • Targeting BuChE with compounds like 8e offers a promising strategy for AD treatment.